Higher rates of tobacco and cannabis smoking have been observed among people with chronic pain. The reciprocal model of pain and smoking suggests that a positive feedback loop underlies the relationship between pain and smoking, with pain motivating smoking (as a means of coping) and smoking exacerbating painful conditions with chronic use. Despite initial evidence of differential effects by age in pain-motivated smoking, no research has examined age by smoking interactions among both tobacco and cannabis users. Results suggest smoking was related to greater likelihood of having pain, and that this effect was moderated by age group.

A rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale is a numerical representation of an individual’s perceptual response to training and is a viable method of measuring exertion during training (Borg 1982). Recently, versions of previously used RPE scales have been developed and are being used specifically for measuring repetitions-in-reserve (RIR), or repetitions-to-failure (RTF) in resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to assess how accurately division II NCAA football players could predict repetitions-to-failure during the bench press exercise using an absolute load of 225-lbs by comparing predicted repetitions-to-failure (RTF) with actual repetitions-to-failure.

In 1974, Federal District George Boldt granted a 50/50 share of salmon and steelhead fisheries for tribes and commercial fishermen, as well as co-manager statues over their natural recourses. My poster is going to cover the regulations this decision established for both local fisheries and surrounding waters of the Puget Sound.

Unlike other activities, running paths do not have easily measured difficulties (ie., ski slopes, climbing level). Turn characteristics (tortuousness) are one strong contributor to path difficulty, therefore the purpose of this study is to determine if turn angle will alter the energetic cost of running.

Throughout a 6-week period, field observations were conducted in select areas within the Tibetan cultural regions of Amdo, Kham, and Ü-Tsang of western China. Observations were primarily focused on clothing transitions of the Tibetan Chuba—a traditional garment influenced by Eurasian steppe cultures—as a result of globalization.

At the headwaters of the Eel River stand two large dams. Not far from the Eel River is the Russian River, which has become hydrologically connected across a natural divide by a mile long diversion tunnel transporting water from the dammed Van Arsdale Reservoir in the Eel River into the Russian River. The dams will be up for relicensing in 2022, and as such stakeholders have come together to begin the political process. An interdisciplinary analysis of the current dialogue and data provides a critical tool in understanding the complexity of the relicensing process that will ultimately decide the fate of the two watersheds and the human and non-human communities that share the water.

This study focused on microplastic concentrations in and around Humboldt Bay, CA. Microplastics do not have a universal size class, but for the purpose of this study, microplastics were categorized as any plastic piece from 0.335 mm to 4.75 mm. Samples were taken on Humboldt State's research vessel "Coral Sea", and by foot on surrounding mudflats. Both water and sediment samples were collected and analyzed to find the amount of microplastic particles per mass sampled. Visual microscopy was utilized to create counts for each station.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis, or Caterpillar fungus, has been used as a cure all for millennia by Tibetan nomads. The fungus which parasitizes the larva of moths is also used in China. Supply of the prized fungus, which only grows on the Tibetan plateau and northern slope of the Himalayas, was not always available to the Chinese given the remote nature of the plateau. In recent decades however, developing relations between China and the Tibetan region have led to increased gathering of the fungus. This poster will discuss the history of O. sinensis as medicine, as well as the modern relationships between the fungus and the people who use it, and what that means for the fungi’s future.

The Stonewall Riots in June of 1969 started the modern lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) rights movement in the United States. It took four more years for "homosexuality" to be removed from the Diagnosis and Statistical Manual (DSM). This study looks at the 20 years before the Stonewall Riots, exploring how LGBTQ people were discussed in the media. Using content analysis on more than 300 articles from the New York Times (1950-1969), we explore the evolution of language used to describe members of the LGBTQ communities, through the McCarthy era (1950-1956), the decriminalization of homosexuality in the UK in 1967, and social movements, like the riots in the summer of 1969.

Falls are a major risk for older adults, leading to injury and loss of independence. This research explores how age-related declines in dynamic balance and muscular strength increase fall risk. Evidence shows that combining balance and strength training significantly reduces falls, offering an effective strategy to support mobility and safety in the aging population.