Bats are found in urban and natural habitats, although their presence and behavior may differ depending on the environment. Bats can also be affected by various anthropogenic factors such as land conversion, and displacing their establishment. I determine the activity of 3 bat species: California myotis, silver-haired bat, and Mexican free-tailed bat, within urban and natural landscapes found throughout Arcata, CA. Urban landscapes were determined by the presence of buildings in every cardinal direction. This research approach can help determine how bats use valuable habitats which can be incorporated into urban planning.

California ground squirrels are an abundant wildlife species at Candlestick Point State Recreation Area in San Francisco, where they are regularly fed by park visitors. The goal of this study was to provide the park with useful information about the ecology of their resident ground squirrel population including their activity patterns, the types of human foods in their diets, and potential impacts of access to anthropogenic food sources. Understanding how these squirrels interact with visitors and how these interactions influence their behavior and body condition is important for management of both park visitors and wildlife.

A study related to finding out a relationship between the abundance of salamanders and the flow of water in the Arcata community forest.

For my research project I studied whether or not the shape and condition of a log effected the occupancy rate of salamander, and according to my data I was half right.

As high-intensity wildland fires occur more frequently and increase in size, the occurrence of reburn in burn scars is also increasing; however, the ecological effects of such reburn in Western coniferous forests are not well understood. Post-prescribed fire, we investigate the changes in woody fuel loads in high and moderately burned areas of the 2000 Jasper Fire and the patterns of ponderosa pine regeneration survival in those areas. Our findings can inform a management plan to restore historic heterogeneity in the Black Hills, a culturally and economically important region of the U.S., and increase resistance and resilience to climate change.

The CB2 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) is found in the brainstem & hippocampus and is devoid of psychotropic effects but is less studied than the CB1 receptor. CB2 is inducible in CNS microglia following inflammation or injury, indicating a role in pain response. Here we sought to analyze CB2 using ChimeraX structures and overcome GPCR protein insolubility in extraction. The pET28a-CNR2, plasmid created and transformed into E.coli pLysS, was confirmed by restriction digest. Purification of CB2 micelles was achieved by affinity chromatography with detergent (43 kD). We aim to utilize nanodiscs to stabilize CB2, allowing studies of the molecular underpinnings informing treatment options.

This study was conducted to determine if human recreational activity, such as birdwatching or dog walking, has any appreciable impact on the amount of time American wigeon spend feeding in preparation to their spring migration. Due to the large energetic cost associated with migration, disruptions to this pre-migratory feeding could delay or impede their departure, potentially lowering the bird's chances of mating.

Pill bugs roll into a ball for more reasons than to protect themselves! They may also be conserving water, thermoregulating, or it may all be up to individual boldness. My research investigated whether soil moisture would affect the amount of time it took for pill bugs to unroll. I found that there was no correlation between sex, length, soil moisture, and the amount of time they spent rolled up. However, there was a great variation among individuals.

My project aims at understanding how recreational trails have shaped terrestrial salamanders' presence and conditional abundance in the Arcata Community Forest. In this project, I aim to answer if hiking trails affect the presence and abundance patterns of the California Slender Salamander (Batrachoseps attenuates). To address my question, I conducted my research in two months, from February to April, at the Arcata Community Forest. I conducted my research on two different trails. The first is the Short Trail (0.11 miles), and the second is Redwood Park Trail (0.28 miles). This information is crucial to the conservation and management of salamanders as they are an indicator species.

Found in Del Norte County, California, in the Tolowa Dunes State Park, there is an Erysimum population that does not fit the species boundaries of E.concinnum Eastw., its current assigned name. A closely related species, E. menziesi (Hook.) Wettst arguably better fits the morphology of the Tolowa Wallflower, with the caveat that it does not adequately depict the population. Because of the endemicity of the two aforementioned species and the Tolowa wallflower, correct taxonomic assessment and a clear definition of species boundaries are warranted. To evaluate the species boundaries and circumscription of the Tolowa wallflower, we would collect DNA samples from Erysimum found on the coast.