Direct contact membrane distillation is a thermally driven separation process that can be used for treating wastewater. A solution of hot water and a solution of cold water are placed in direct contact on opposite sides of a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, causing the contents to separate into distilled water and brine. Due to these properties, DCMD has potential to be used on a larger scale, transforming impaired water bodies into viable sources of drinking water. This particular project is a bench-scale DCMD system and will be used to treat leachate from a landfill in Eureka, before being sent to University of Nevada-Reno to be coupled with a membrane bioreactor.

Different anthropogenic substrates have been shown to have a strong effect on larval recruitment and subsequent community development in estuarine fouling communities. Docks and piers have been shown to have an increased abundance of invasive species relative to natural substrates such as rock. We examined community structure in accordance to initial barnacle settlement on concrete, treated wood, untreated wood, tire rubber, and plastic settling plates. Results show that there were marked differences in initial barnacle settlement as well as final community structure (after 4 months) between treatments, revealing the importance of early settlement and substrate type on community composition.

One major contemporary environmental issues is the pollution of heavy metals into waterways. However, removal of heavy metal ions via bioremediation may be a possible solution. Using modified C. vibrioides paracrystalline RsaA surface layer proteins (S-layer proteins), our team hopes to bind lead, and other metal ions for decontamination through use of a filtration system. It is known that modified S-layers can be displayed on the microbial surface. Our initial target sequence (TNTLSNN) was chosen for its ability to bind Pb. Our future goals are the observation of heavy metal binding efficiency of each engineered RsaA surface, and the generation of prototype binding cartridges.

The membrane protein Anabaena Sensory Rhodopsin (ASR) is a prokaryotic retinal containing photoactive protein, from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, undergoes a conformational change upon absorption of light. This causes the release of an associated so-called transducer protein ASRT. It has been proposed that this protein complex directly controls transcription of the cpc genes. The goal of this project is to study photo-induced transcriptional regulation properties of ASR and ASRT. To do this we will assemble ASR nanolipoprotein particles or ASR-NLPs. NLPs are unique in that they allow for a membrane protein to be solubilized while still allowing both ends of the membrane protein to be accessed.

Our objective of this study was to assess the effects of simulated acid rain on web-spinning spider assemblages in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, and we hypothesized that acid rain would decrease the richness and abundance of web-spinning spider taxa. Spiders are an ideal bioindicator to study the effects of anthropogenic pollutants due to their abundance, position as apex predators, various foraging behaviors and the feasibility in collecting them. In our field experiment, quadrats were sprayed with water of varying pH levels. After the treatments, all web-spinning spiders in the quadrats were collected and identified and results were statistically analyzed.

The research aimed to compare the capabilities of two single strains of bacteria in their ability to hydrolyze a common peptide found in the seawater. The research is important in adding to knowledge of the carbon cycle, and how organic matter is processed on incredibly small scales. The data collected over the course of ten weeks turned out significant and more data is going to be added in the future to compile a database for the different bacteria strains which may one day help in environmental restoration projects.

A paradigm shift that utilizes water reuse strategies such as sewer mining is necessary as water resources become more stringent. Sewer mining is the beneficial reuse of wastewater before it is conventionally treated and discharged. This novel hybrid sewer mining system is a unique combination of proven unit processes: forward osmosis (FO), direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR), Sharon, Annamox, and struvite precipitation arranged in an innovative way. This poster will present the experimental results from a bench-scale automated FO-DCMD system to produce a high quality potable effluent under different operating conditions.

To address the two main issues of using reverse osmosis (RO) for desalination purposes (high energy demand and brine disposal), two hybrid systems have been proposed. One uses forward osmosis (FO) as pre-treatment while the other augments the RO step with pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). To meaningfully compare the energy reductions from both systems, computational fluid dynamics models of the PRO and FO processes are being developed to encapsulate the complex geometries of the membrane modules and the system response to these geometries.

The determination of temporal variations of metals, in the primary effluent and oxidation ponds, were collected biweekly (2007-2008) and weekly (2012-2013) at the Arcata Wastewater Treatment Facility. The data demonstrates the removal of contaminant metals in the oxidation ponds through sludge deposition as well as the role weather events play in elevated metal concentrations. The sludge in the oxidation pond systems where also measured to allow the projection of the accumulation of metals in the sludge within the system 30 years from now.

During bouts of strong upwelling nearshore areas in northern California can experience extended periods of hypoxic, corrosive waters due to a relatively narrow shelf and poleward shoaling of isother ms. To assess the response of intertidal communities to these conditions we established and surveyed a series of intertidal sites in Humboldt County that vary in the extent of nearshore mixing and are likely to vary in exposure to hypoxia and low pH conditions. We report the results of initial surveys of our sites, including data on sea star wasting disease, and relationships to variation in temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen.